Inertial Navigation yog dab tsi?
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb ntawm Inertial Navigation
Cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsav nkoj inertial zoo ib yam li lwm txoj kev tsav nkoj. Nws vam khom kev tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, suav nrog qhov chaw pib, kev taw qhia pib, kev taw qhia thiab kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav mus los txhua lub sijhawm, thiab maj mam sib sau ua ke cov ntaub ntawv no (zoo ib yam li kev ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke lej) kom txiav txim siab meej txog cov kev taw qhia, xws li kev taw qhia thiab txoj haujlwm.
Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Cov Sensors hauv Inertial Navigation
Yuav kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev taw qhia tam sim no (kev coj cwj pwm) thiab qhov chaw ntawm ib yam khoom uas txav mus los, cov txheej txheem inertial navigation siv cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, feem ntau yog cov accelerometers thiab gyroscopes. Cov sensors no ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm lub kaum sab xis thiab kev nrawm ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom hauv lub thav duab inertial. Cov ntaub ntawv tom qab ntawd raug sib xyaw thiab ua tiav dhau sijhawm kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ceev thiab qhov chaw sib piv. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv no raug hloov mus rau hauv lub kaw lus navigation coordinate, ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw pib, ua rau muaj kev txiav txim siab qhov chaw tam sim no ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom.
Cov Ntsiab Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm Inertial Navigation Systems
Cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia inertial ua haujlwm ua cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia kaw-loop sab hauv. Lawv tsis vam khom cov ntaub ntawv hloov kho tshiab sab nraud tiag tiag los kho qhov yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm txav mus los ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom. Yog li ntawd, ib qho txheej txheem kev taw qhia inertial yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov haujlwm kev taw qhia luv luv. Rau kev ua haujlwm ntev, nws yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog lwm txoj hauv kev kev taw qhia, xws li cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia raws li satellite, kom kho cov yuam kev sab hauv uas tau sau los tsis tu ncua.
Kev zais cia ntawm Inertial Navigation
Hauv cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, suav nrog kev tsav nkoj saum ntuj ceeb tsheej, kev tsav nkoj satellite, thiab kev tsav nkoj xov tooj cua, kev tsav nkoj inertial sawv tawm ua tus kheej. Nws tsis xa cov teeb liab mus rau ib puag ncig sab nraud thiab tsis nyob ntawm cov khoom saum ntuj ceeb tsheej lossis cov teeb liab sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tsav nkoj inertial muab qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev zais cia, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ceev ntiag tug tshaj plaws.
Lub Ntsiab Lus Txhais ntawm Inertial Navigation
Inertial Navigation System (INS) yog ib qho kev kwv yees qhov ntsuas kev taw qhia uas siv gyroscopes thiab accelerometers ua cov sensors. Lub kaw lus, raws li cov zis ntawm gyroscopes, tsim kom muaj ib qho kev sib koom tes navigation thaum siv cov zis ntawm accelerometers los xam qhov ceev thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom hauv qhov kev sib koom tes navigation.
Cov ntawv thov ntawm Inertial Navigation
Kev siv tshuab inertial tau pom ntau daim ntawv thov hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog aerospace, aviation, maritime, petroleum exploration, geodesy, oceanographic surveys, geological drilling, robotics, thiab railway systems. Nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov inertial sensors siab heev, inertial technology tau nthuav dav nws cov txiaj ntsig rau kev lag luam tsheb thiab cov khoom siv kho mob hluav taws xob, ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov no qhia txog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm inertial navigation hauv kev muab kev taw qhia siab thiab kev muaj peev xwm tso rau ntau yam kev siv.
Lub Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb ntawm Inertial Guidance:Fiber Optic Gyroscope
Kev Taw Qhia Txog Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Cov txheej txheem inertial navigation vam khom qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb ntawm lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom no uas tau txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab ke no yog Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG). FOG yog lub sensor tseem ceeb uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm lub kaum sab xis nrog qhov tseeb zoo kawg nkaus.
Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Fiber Optic Gyroscope
Cov FOGs ua haujlwm raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Sagnac effect, uas cuam tshuam txog kev faib lub teeb laser ua ob txoj kev sib cais, cia nws mus ncig hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv raws li lub voj voog fiber optic coiled. Thaum lub carrier, uas muab tso rau hauv FOG, tig, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm mus ncig ntawm ob lub beams yog proportional rau lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub carrier tig. Lub sijhawm qeeb no, hu ua Sagnac theem hloov pauv, ces raug ntsuas kom meej, ua rau FOG muab cov ntaub ntawv tseeb txog lub carrier tig.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub fiber optic gyroscope yog tso tawm ib lub teeb los ntawm lub photodetector. Lub teeb no hla dhau ib lub coupler, nkag los ntawm ib kawg thiab tawm los ntawm lwm qhov. Tom qab ntawd nws mus ncig los ntawm lub voj voog optical. Ob lub teeb, los ntawm ntau qhov kev taw qhia, nkag mus rau hauv lub voj voog thiab ua tiav ib qho kev sib txuas tom qab ncig ib ncig. Lub teeb rov qab los rov qab nkag mus rau hauv lub teeb-emitting diode (LED), uas yog siv los ntes nws qhov muaj zog. Txawm hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub fiber optic gyroscope yuav zoo li yooj yim, qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tshem tawm cov yam uas cuam tshuam rau qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev optical ntawm ob lub teeb. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas ntsib hauv kev tsim cov fiber optic gyroscopes.
1: lub diode superluminescent 2: photodetector diode
3. lub teeb qhov chaw txuas 4.fiber ring coupler 5. lub nplhaib fiber ntau
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
FOGs muaj ntau yam zoo uas ua rau lawv tsis muaj nqi hauv cov txheej txheem inertial navigation. Lawv paub zoo txog lawv qhov tseeb, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev. Tsis zoo li cov gyros kho tshuab, FOGs tsis muaj qhov chaw txav mus los, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tiv taus kev poob siab thiab kev co, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov chaw xav tau xws li kev siv dav hlau thiab kev tiv thaiv.
Kev koom ua ke ntawm Fiber Optic Gyroscopes hauv Inertial Navigation
Cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia inertial tab tom suav nrog FOGs ntau ntxiv vim lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab. Cov gyroscopes no muab cov kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm lub kaum sab xis tseem ceeb uas xav tau rau kev txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm kev taw qhia thiab qhov chaw. Los ntawm kev koom ua ke FOGs rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia inertial uas twb muaj lawm, cov neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev taw qhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev ua tau zoo heev yog qhov tsim nyog.
Cov ntawv thov ntawm Fiber Optic Gyroscopes hauv Inertial Navigation
Kev suav nrog FOGs tau nthuav dav cov ntawv thov ntawm cov txheej txheem inertial navigation thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw. Hauv kev tsav dav hlau thiab kev tsav dav hlau, cov txheej txheem FOG-equipped muab cov kev daws teeb meem navigation meej rau cov dav hlau, drones, thiab spacecraft. Lawv kuj tseem siv dav hauv kev tsav nkoj hauv dej hiav txwv, kev tshawb fawb geological, thiab cov neeg hlau siab heev, ua rau cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm nrog kev ua tau zoo dua thiab kev ntseeg siab.
Cov Qauv Sib Txawv ntawm Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Fiber optic gyroscopes muaj ntau yam kev teeb tsa, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm engineering yogkaw-loop polarization-tswj fiber optic gyroscope. Ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub gyroscope no yogpolarization-tswj fiber voj voog, muaj cov fibers tswj polarization thiab lub moj khaum tsim tshwj xeeb. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub voj voog no cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev sib txuas plaub npaug, ntxiv los ntawm cov gel sealing tshwj xeeb los tsim cov kauj voj fiber khov kho.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawmKev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ua Kom Muaj Kev Sib Cais ntawm Fiber Optic Gyro Coil
▶ Kev Tsim Qauv Tshwj Xeeb:Cov gyroscope loops muaj cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb uas haum rau ntau hom polarization-maintaining fibers tau yooj yim.
▶ Plaub Zaug Symmetric Winding Txheej Txheem:Cov txheej txheem plaub npaug symmetric winding txo qhov Shupe effect, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntsuas tseeb thiab txhim khu kev qha.
▶ Cov Khoom Siv Gel Sealing Siab Tshaj Plaws:Kev siv cov khoom siv sealing gel siab heev, ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem kho tshwj xeeb, ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kev co, ua rau cov gyroscope loops no zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov hauv cov chaw xav tau.
▶ Kev Ruaj Ntseg Kub Siab:Cov voj voog gyroscope qhia txog kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua kom muaj qhov tseeb txawm tias nyob rau hauv ntau yam kub.
▶ Lub moj khaum Sib dua yooj yim:Cov voj voog gyroscope tau tsim los nrog lub moj khaum yooj yim tab sis sib dua, lav qhov ua tiav siab.
▶Txheej Txheem Winding Sib Xws:Cov txheej txheem winding tseem ruaj khov, hloov kho rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ntau yam precision fiber optic gyroscopes.
Siv ua piv txwv
Groves, PD (2008). Kev Taw Qhia Txog Inertial Navigation.Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm Txog Kev Taw Kev, 61(1), 13-28.
El-Sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Cov thev naus laus zis inertial sensors rau kev siv navigation: lub xeev ntawm cov kos duab.Kev Taw Qhia Txog Satellite, 1(1), 1-15.
Woodman, OJ (2007). Kev taw qhia txog kev tsav tsheb inertial.Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Cambridge, Chav Kuaj Khoos Phis Tawj, UCAM-CL-TR-696.
Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Kev siv txoj haujlwm thiab kev ua qauv thoob ntiaj teb rau cov neeg hlau txawb.Hauv Cov Txheej Txheem ntawm 1985 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation(Ntu 2, nplooj ntawv 138-145). IEEE.
Xav tau kev pab tswv yim pub dawb?
IB QHO NTAWM KUV COV PROJECTS
TXOJ HAUJ LWM ZOO KAWG LI UAS KUV TAU PAB TXHAWB. TXAUS SIAB!
