Sau npe yuav ua rau peb social media rau cov lus qhia sai
Ntawm nws essence, laser nqus yog cov txheej txheem ntawm energizing ib qho nruab nrab kom ua tiav lub xeev uas nws tuaj yeem emit laser teeb. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj lossis hluav taws xob tam sim no rau hauv nruab nrab, zoo siab nws cov atoms thiab ua rau kev tawm tsam ntawm txoj kev teeb tsa. Cov txheej txheem hauv lub hauv paus no tau hloov kho qhov ntau txij li thaum kev tawm tsam ntawm thawj tus lasers hauv nruab nrab-20th caug xyoo.
Thaum feem ntau ua qauv los ntawm tus nqi sib npaug, laser nqus yog lub tswv yim ib cov txheej txheem ntau yam. Nws cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cuam tshuam zoo nkauj ntawm photons thiab cov qauv atomic lossis cov qauv molecular ntawm qhov nce nruab nrab. Cov qauv qauv xav txog qhov tshwm sim zoo li rabphects, uas muab cov kev nkag siab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam no.
Laser nqus yog cov txheej txheem uas muaj zog, feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub teeb lossis hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd, yog muab rau lub laser kom muaj zog los yog cov lwg me me rau lub zog siab dua. Qhov hloov hluav taws xob no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav cov pejxeem inversion, muaj ntau qhov kev hais qhia ntau dua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub teeb ci ntsa iab los ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab ntawm stimulated emensululated. Cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog cov kev sib cuam tshuam zoo tshaj plaws, feem ntau ua qauv los ntawm kev sib npaug lej lossis ntau dua cov khoom siv tshuab. Qhov tseem ceeb xws li kev xaiv ntawm cov twj tso kua mis (zoo li laser diodes lossis kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv tawm ntawm lub cev (polarization) kom phim qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov kev cai tau txais nruab nrab. Cov Khoom Siv Laser yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv ntau lub laser-xeev, semiconductor, thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub laser txuag tau zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv tawm tshiab
1. Khoom siv-lub xeev lasers nrog doped insulators
· Pricepkees:Cov lasers no siv cov tshuaj hauv nruab nrab thiab tso siab rau kev siv kho qhov muag kom energize laser-act. Ib qho piv txwv ib txwm muaj yog neodymium nyob rau hauv YAG lasers.
·Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no:Kev kawm los ntawm A. Antipov et al. Tham txog cov khoom siv-lub xeev ze-ir laser rau cov kiv-txauv kho qhov muag. Qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau hais txog kev nce qib hauv lub xeev laser thev naus laus zis, tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv xws li kev siv tshuaj thiab kev sib tham.
Ntxiv nyeem ntawv:Ib lub suab nrov-lub xeev ze-ir laser rau kev tig-txauv hloov kho qhov muag
2. Lemiconductor lasers
·Cov Lus Qhia Dav Dav: Feem ntau cov roj hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob, semiconductor lasers kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, xws li cov kev siv kho qhov muag zoo, xws li cov kab ke sab nraud emitting (vecsels).
·Tsis ntev los no tsim: U. Keller txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hloov kho tshiab Qhov kev nce qib no tseem ceeb rau kev siv hauv Optical zaus metrology.
Ntxiv nyeem ntawv:Optical zaus combs los ntawm ultrafast khov-xeev thiab semiconductor lasers
3. Gas lasers
·Kev siv kho qhov muag hauv cov roj roj: qee yam ntawm cov roj roj, zoo li alkali vapor lasers, siv kev nqus tawm kho tshiab. Cov lasers no feem ntau siv hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov teeb tsa lub teeb nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
Qhov chaw rau lub qhov muag nres
Tawm Teeb Tawm: Nquag nyob rau hauv lub teeb-tso cov liss, lub teeb tawm tawm yog siv rau lawv lub zog loj thiab dav spectrum. Ya Mitryko li al. Tsim tus qauv hluav taws xob ntawm IRGULE ARC tshem tawm cov xov xwm tawm hauv cov khoom siv kho kho qhov muag Xenon teeb ntawm cov lasers khov kho. Cov qauv no pab ua kom ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm impulse nqus teeb, qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm laser.
Laser Diodes:Siv nyob rau hauv diode-pumped lasers, laser diodes muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo li muaj effantages, compact loj, thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo.
Ntxiv nyeem ntawv:Dab tsi yog laser diode?
Nyem teeb: Flash teeb tau khaus, dav-spectrum teeb uas feem ntau siv rau twj tso tawm-lub xeev lasers, xws li ruby lossis NG: YAG lasers. Lawv muab cov kev siv hnyav tawg ntawm lub teeb uas txaus siab ntawm lub laser laser.
Arc teeb: Zoo ib yam li lub eeb teeb txawb tab sis tsim rau kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv, Arc teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb nruj heev. Lawv tau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas nthwv dej (CW) kev ua haujlwm laser yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
LEDs (Teeb qhib Diodes): Thaum tsis muaj ntau npaum li laser diodes, LEDs tuaj yeem siv rau kev nqus kho qhov muag hauv qee cov ntawv siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Lawv tau zoo dua vim lawv lub neej ntev, tus nqi qis, thiab muaj nyob rau ntau lub wavelengths.
Tshav ntuj: Hauv qee qhov kev sim teeb tsa, tsom lub hnub ci tau siv los ua cov twj tso kua mis rau hnub ci-nqus dej. Cov txheej txheem no siv lub zog hnub ci, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig txuas ntxiv thiab ua tau zoo dua thiab tsis tshua muaj zog piv rau cov khoom siv dag.
Fiber ntau-Coaser laser diodes: Cov no yog laser diodes txuas mus rau optical fibers, uas xa lub twj tso kua mis kom zoo dua rau lub laser nruab nrab. Txoj kev no tshwj xeeb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov roj fiber thiab hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev xa tawm ntawm lub twj tso kua mis yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Lwm Cov Lasers: Qee zaum, ib lub laser yog siv los tso lwm tus. Piv txwv li, ib zaus-ob npaug ND: YAG laser yuav siv tau los tso cov zas xim laser. Cov qauv no feem ntau siv thaum wavelengthsoob yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau lub txheej txheem nqus dej uas tsis yooj yim ua tiav nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo.
Diode-compor-State laser
Thawj lub zog: Cov txheej txheem pib nrog tus diode laser, uas ua haujlwm raws li lub qhov cub. Diode lasers raug xaiv rau lawv txoj kev ua tau zoo, ua rau qhov loj me, thiab muaj peev xwm los teeb hluav taws xob ntawm cov wavelengths.
TWJ Lub Teeb:The DioD Laser emits lub teeb uas yog nqus los ntawm cov khoom-hauv lub xeev tau txais nruab nrab. Lub wavelength ntawm diode laser yog txiav kom phim cov yam ntxwv nqus ntawm cov yam ntxwv tau txais nruab nrab.
Lub xeev-lub xeevTau Txais Nruab Nrab
Khoom siv:Qhov tau txais nruab nrab hauv DPSs lasers feem ntau yog cov khoom siv-lub sijhawm zoo li ND: YAG (yB
Doping:Cov ntaub ntawv no tau doped nrog thaj av tsawg-ntiaj teb ions (zoo li ND lossis YB), uas yog cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ions.
Lub zog nqus nqus thiab kev zam txim:Thaum lub twj tso kua mis ntawm diode laser nkag rau hauv nruab nrab, qhov tsawg-ntiaj teb ions nqus lub zog no thiab tau zoo siab rau lub zog siab dua.
Pejxeem Inversion
Ua tiav cov pej xeem inversion:Tus yuam sij rau Laser Action yog ua tiav cov pejxeem inversion nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj nruab nrab. Qhov no txhais tau tias ntau ions yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev zoo siab tshaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev av.
Xav tau emissulated:Thaum cov pej xeem inversion tau tiav, kev qhia ntawm lub zog ntawm ions kom rov qab mus rau hauv lub xeev hauv av, emitting lub photon hauv cov txheej txheem.
Resical resonator
Kev tsom iav: Qhov ntau tau nruab nrab yog muab tso rau sab hauv tus resonical resonator, feem ntau tsim los ntawm ob tsom iav ntawm txhua qhov nruab nrab ntawm txhua qhov nruab nrab.
Cov lus teb thiab amplification: ib qho ntawm daim iav yog qhov muaj kev cuam tshuam heev, thiab lwm qhov yog qee yam. PHOTONS Bounce rov qab thiab tawm ntawm cov iav no, txhawb nqa ntau cov pa hluav taws xob thiab lub teeb.
Laser Emission
Cov teeb pom kev zoo: Cov photons uas tau tawm los yog kev sib koom ua ke, lub ntsiab lus lawv nyob hauv theem thiab muaj lub nthwv dej zoo ib yam.
Cov zis: Qhov kev tiv thaiv ib feem uas tso cai rau qee qhov teeb no kom dhau los, sib sau lub nqaj laser uas tawm ntawm DPSs laser.
Tso cov geometries: sab vs. kawg nqus
| Nqus Txoj Kev | Kev piav txog | Cov Ntawv Thov | Qhov Zoo | Kev sib tw |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nrig twj | Lub teeb pom kev zoo rau lub laser nruab nrab | Qws lossis fiber ntau lasers | Cov kev faib tawm cov twj tso kua mis, haum rau cov kev siv hluav taws xob siab | Tsis muaj kev faib tawm cov lus xa tawm, qis dua nqaj zoo |
| Qhov Kawg Tso Kua Mis | Twj tso kua mis qhia raws li tib lub axis raws li lub nqaj laser | Khoom-Lub Xeev Lasers Zoo li ND: YAG | Sib npaug kev faib tawm, ntau dua nqaj zoo | Txoj kev sib dhos ua ke, tsawg dua ua kom sov dissipation nyob rau hauv high-hwj huam lasers |
Yuav tsum muaj rau cov twj tso kua twj tso kua twj
| Qhov toob kas | Tseem ceeb | Qhov cuam tshuam / Tshuav | Cov Ntawv Ntxiv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spectrum Haum | Tsov yuav tsum phim cov spectrum nqus ntawm lub laser nruab nrab | Ua kom muaj kev nqus tau zoo thiab cov pejxeem tau zoo inversion | - |
| Kev ntxiv zog rau | Yuav tsum muaj siab txaus rau qib kev hlub | Overly haj sib zog tuaj yeem ua rau thermal kev puas tsuaj; Tsawg heev yuav tsis ua tiav cov pej xeem inversion | - |
| Beam Zoo | Tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kawg-tso lasers | Ua kom pom kev sib txuas ua ke thiab pab txhawb kom emitted laser nqaj zoo | High Beam Zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom haum ntawm cov twj tso kua mis lub teeb thiab Laser hom ntim ntim |
| Kev loj leeb | Yuav tsum muaj xov xwm nrog anisotropic cov zog | Txhim Kho Kev Ua Tau Zoo thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam Emitted laser lub teeb polarization | Lub xeev polarization tshwj xeeb yuav tsim nyog |
| Kev siv suab nrov | Cov suab nrov tsawg yog qhov tseem ceeb | Kev hloov pauv nyob rau hauv kev siv lub teeb taub hau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam laser tso tawm zoo thiab ruaj khov | Ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ruaj khov thiab meej |
Lub Sijhawm Post: Dec-01-2023