Nrog txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm optoelectronic thev naus laus zis, semiconductor lasers tau pom dav siv hauv kev lag luam xws li kev sib txuas lus, khoom siv kho mob, laser ntau, kev lag luam, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog PN kev sib tshuam, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb - tsis yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub teeb emissions, tab sis kuj yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm. Kab lus no muab cov ntsiab lus meej thiab meej ntawm cov qauv, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PN kev sib tshuam hauv semiconductor lasers.
1. PN Junction yog dab tsi?
PN kev sib tshuam yog qhov sib txuas tsim ntawm P-hom semiconductor thiab N-hom semiconductor:
P-hom semiconductor yog doped nrog impurities impurities, xws li boron (B), ua qhov feem ntau tus nqi thauj khoom.
N-hom semiconductor yog doped nrog cov khoom tsis huv, xws li phosphorus (P), ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau.
Thaum cov ntaub ntawv P-hom thiab N-hom raug coj mus rau hauv kev sib cuag, electrons los ntawm N-thaj tsam diffuse mus rau P-thaj tsam, thiab qhov los ntawm P- cheeb tsam diffuse mus rau N-thaj av. Qhov no diffusion tsim ib cheeb tsam depletion qhov twg electrons thiab qhov recombine, tawm hauv qab them ions uas tsim ib qho hluav taws xob sab hauv, hu ua ib tug built-in muaj peev xwm barrier.
2. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm PN Junction hauv Lasers
(1) Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Thaum lub laser ua haujlwm, PN hlws ris yog rau pem hauv ntej biased: P- cheeb tsam txuas nrog rau qhov zoo voltage, thiab N-thaj tsam rau qhov tsis zoo. Qhov no tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob sab hauv, tso cai rau cov hluav taws xob thiab qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj rau hauv thaj chaw nquag ntawm kev sib tshuam, qhov uas lawv yuav rov ua dua.
(2) Lub teeb Emission: Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Stimulated emission
Nyob rau hauv lub active cheeb tsam, txhaj electrons thiab qhov recombine thiab tso photons. Thaum xub thawj, cov txheej txheem no yog spontaneous emissions, tab sis raws li lub photon ceev nce, photons tuaj yeem txhawb ntxiv electron-qhov recombination, tso cov photons ntxiv nrog rau tib theem, kev taw qhia, thiab lub zog - qhov no yog txhawb nqa emission.
Cov txheej txheem no tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation).
(3) Tau txais thiab Resonant Cavities Daim Ntawv Tso Tawm Laser
Txhawm rau nthuav tawm cov emissions, semiconductor lasers suav nrog cov kab noj hniav ntawm ob sab ntawm PN kev sib tshuam. Nyob rau hauv ntug-emitting lasers, piv txwv li, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav siv Distributed Bragg Reflectors (DBRs) lossis iav txheej los cuam tshuam lub teeb rov qab. Qhov kev teeb tsa no tso cai rau cov wavelengths tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teeb kom nthuav dav, nws thiaj li ua rau muaj kev sib raug zoo heev thiab kev taw qhia laser tawm.
3. PN Junction Structures thiab Design Optimization
Nyob ntawm seb hom semiconductor laser, PN qauv yuav txawv:
Ib leeg Heterojunction (SH):
P-region, N-region, thiab cheeb tsam nquag yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tib yam. Lub cheeb tsam recombination yog dav thiab tsawg npaum li cas.
Ob chav Heterojunction (DH):
Ib qho kev nqaim bandgap active txheej yog sandwiched ntawm P- thiab N-regions. Qhov no confines ob tus cab kuj thiab photons, ho txhim kho efficiency.
Quantum Well Structure:
Siv cov txheej txheem ultra-nyias los tsim cov teebmeem quantum confinement, txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov pib thiab kev hloov pauv ceev.
Cov qauv no yog txhua yam tsim los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cab cab, rov ua dua, thiab lub teeb emission nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam PN junction.
4. Cov lus xaus
PN hlws ris yog tiag tiag "lub plawv" ntawm ib tug semiconductor laser. Nws lub peev xwm los txhaj cov cab kuj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej kev tsis ncaj ncees yog qhov tseem ceeb ua rau laser tiam. Los ntawm cov qauv tsim thiab xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev tswj photon, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv laser revolves nyob ib ncig ntawm optimizing PN hlws ris.
Raws li optoelectronic thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus, kev nkag siab tob dua ntawm PN junction physics tsis tsuas yog txhim kho laser kev ua tau zoo tab sis kuj tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau kev txhim kho cov tiam tom ntej ntawm high-power, high-speed, thiab qis-nqi semiconductor lasers.
Post lub sij hawm: May-28-2025