Nrog rau kev nce qib sai ntawm optoelectronic thev naus laus zis, semiconductor lasers tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li kev sib txuas lus, tshuaj, kev lag luam, thiab LiDAR, ua tsaug rau lawv cov kev ua haujlwm siab, compact loj, thiab yooj yim ntawm kev hloov kho. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog qhov nce nruab nrab, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li tus“lub zog”uas enables stimulated emission thiab laser tiam, txiav txim lub laser's kev ua tau zoo, wavelength, thiab daim ntawv thov muaj peev xwm.
1. Dab tsi yog Qhov Nruab Nrab Tau Txais?
Raws li lub npe qhia, qhov nce nruab nrab yog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag pom. Thaum zoo siab los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud (xws li hluav taws xob txhaj tshuaj lossis kho qhov muag), nws ua kom lub teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm dag zog, ua rau cov zis laser.
Hauv semiconductor lasers, qhov nce nruab nrab feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm thaj chaw nquag ntawm PN hlws ris, uas nws cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg, qauv, thiab doping txoj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov tseem ceeb tsis xws li qhov pib tam sim no, emission wavelength, efficiency, thiab thermal yam ntxwv.
2. Common Gain Materials nyob rau hauv Semiconductor Lasers
III-V compound semiconductors yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws. Cov piv txwv zoo xws li:
①GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)
Haum rau lasers emitting nyob rau hauv lub 850-980nm ntau yam, dav siv hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag thiab laser luam ntawv.
②Indium Phosphide (InP)
Siv rau emission nyob rau hauv 1.3 µm thiab 1.55 µm bands, tseem ceeb heev rau fiber-optic kev sib txuas lus.
③InGaAsP / AlGaAs / InGaN
Lawv cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem hloov kho kom ua tiav qhov sib txawv wavelengths, tsim lub hauv paus rau tunable-wavelength laser designs.
Cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau muaj cov qauv ncaj qha bandgap, ua rau lawv ua tau zoo ntawm electron-qhov recombination nrog photon emission, zoo tagnrho rau siv nyob rau hauv semiconductor laser nce nruab nrab.
3. Evolution of Gain Structures
Raws li kev tsim thev naus laus zis tau nce zuj zus, nce cov qauv hauv semiconductor lasers tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm homojunctions thaum ntxov mus rau heterojunctions, thiab ntxiv mus rau qib siab quantum zoo thiab quantum dot configurations.
①Heterojunction Tau Txais Nruab Nrab
Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor nrog cov bandgaps sib txawv, cov neeg nqa khoom thiab cov photons tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tau xaiv, txhim kho kev nce qib thiab txo qhov pib tam sim no.
②Quantum Well Structures
Los ntawm kev txo qhov tuab ntawm thaj av nquag mus rau nanometer nplai, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob raug kaw hauv ob qhov ntev, ua kom cov hluav taws xob rov ua kom zoo dua. Qhov no ua rau lasers nrog qis dua tam sim no thiab zoo thermal stability.
③Quantum Dot Structures
Siv cov txheej txheem kev sib dhos tus kheej, xoom-dimensional nanostructures raug tsim, muab cov kev faib hluav taws xob ntse. Cov qauv no muab cov yam ntxwv nce ntxiv thiab kev ruaj ntseg wavelength, ua rau lawv muaj kev tshawb fawb hotspot rau lwm tiam neeg ua haujlwm siab semiconductor lasers.
4. Qhov Kev Tau Txais Nruab Nrab Txiav Txim Li Cas?
①Emission wavelength ntawm lub teeb
Lub bandgap ntawm cov khoom txiav txim siab lub laser's lub wavelength. Piv txwv li, InGaAs yog tsim rau ze-infrared lasers, thaum InGaN siv rau xiav lossis violet lasers.
②Efficiency & Lub zog
Carrier txav thiab tsis-radiative recombination tus nqi cuam tshuam rau optical-rau-hluav taws xob conversion efficiency.
③Thermal Performance
Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv teb rau qhov kub thiab txias hloov nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, cuam tshuam qhov kev cia siab ntawm laser nyob rau hauv industrial thiab tub rog ib puag ncig.
④Modulation teb
Qhov nce nruab nrab cuam tshuam lub laser's ceev cov lus teb, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv high-ceev kev sib txuas lus daim ntawv thov.
5. Cov lus xaus
Nyob rau hauv lub complex qauv ntawm semiconductor lasers, qhov nruab nrab nce yog tiag tiag nws "lub siab"—tsis yog tsuas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim lub laser tab sis kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau nws lub neej, kev ruaj ntseg, thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios. Los ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev tsim qauv, los ntawm kev ua haujlwm macroscopic mus rau microscopic mechanisms, txhua qhov kev sib tw hauv kev nce nruab nrab yog tsav lub tshuab laser mus rau kev ua tau zoo dua, kev siv dav dua, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav tob.
Nrog kev nce qib tsis tu ncua hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab nano-fabrication thev naus laus zis, yav tom ntej nce nruab nrab yuav tsum ua kom pom kev ci ntsa iab dua, qhov dav dav dav dav dav dav, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo dua laser.—qhib kev muaj peev xwm ntau ntxiv rau kev tshawb fawb, kev lag luam, thiab zej zog.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-17-2025